Scientists have confirmed a new milestone in Earth’s climate history: the amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in our atmosphere is now higher than it has been in millions of years.
Recent measurements show that global CO₂ concentrations have climbed above 430 parts per million (ppm). This is the highest level recorded since humans began monitoring atmospheric gases, and experts say it hasn’t been this high since the Miocene Epoch—about 14 to 16 million years ago.
Why Does This Matter?
CO₂ is a greenhouse gas, which means it traps heat in the atmosphere and contributes to global warming. Before the Industrial Revolution (around 1750), CO₂ levels were about 280 ppm. Since then, burning fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas has rapidly increased CO₂ concentrations.
The Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii has been measuring atmospheric CO₂ since 1958. Its data, known as the “Keeling Curve,” shows a steady and dramatic rise in CO₂ over the past several decades. These measurements are confirmed by other stations around the world and by ice core samples that reveal ancient atmospheric conditions.
During the Miocene Epoch, when CO₂ levels were similar to today’s, the Earth was much warmer. There was little to no permanent ice in Greenland or the Arctic, and sea levels were much higher—by as much as 75 to 120 feet. Forests and grasslands dominated the landscape, and early human ancestors were just beginning to evolve.
Scientists warn that if CO₂ levels continue to rise, we can expect more extreme weather, higher sea levels, and major changes to ecosystems. Many experts say reducing fossil fuel use and investing in clean energy are crucial steps to slow down climate change.
Comments